摘要： ??考研历年真题一定要用好，研究好。结合大纲和真题来选择辅导用书是最明智的。带大家回顾2019考研英语一真题阅读text2参考答案及解析：
Grade inflation--the gradual increa...
??考研历年真题一定要用好，研究好。结合大纲和真题来选择辅导用书是最明智的。带大家回顾2019考研英语一真题阅读text2参考答案及解析：
Grade inflation--the gradual increase in average GPAs(grade-point averages)over the past few decades—is often considered a product of a consumer era inhigher education, in which students are treated like customers to be pleased.But another, related force—a policy often buried deep in course catalogs called“grade forgiveness”—is helping raise GPAs.
Grade forgiveness allows students to retake a course in which they receiveda low grade, and the most recent grade or the highest grade is the only one thatcounts in calculating a student’s overall GPA.
The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years, ascolleges continue to do their utmost to keep students in school (and payingtuition) and improve their graduation rates. When this practice first starteddecades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a second chance totake a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition tocollege-level courses. But now most colleges save for many selective campuses,allow all undergraduates, and even graduate students, to get their low gradesforgiven.
College officials tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness isless about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retakecourses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a bigpenalty. “Untimely,” said Jack Miner, Ohio State University’s registrar,“we seestudents achieve more success because they retake a course and do better insubsequent contents or master the content that allows them to graduate ontime.”
That said, there is a way in which grade forgiveness satisfies colleges’own needs as well. For public institutions, state funds are sometimes tiedpartly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and studentretention—so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money.And anything that raises GPAs will likely make students—who, at the end of theday, are paying the bill—feel they’ve gotten a better value for their tuitiondollars, which is another big concern for colleges.
Indeed, grade forgiveness is just another way that universities areresponding to consumers’ expectations for higher education. Since students andparents expect a college degree to lead a job, it is in the best interest of aschool to turn out graduates who are as qualified as possible—or at least appearto be. On this, students’ and colleges’ incentives seem to be aligned.
26. What is commonly regarded as the cause of grade inflation?
A. The change of course catalogs.
B. Students’ indifference to GPAS.
C. Colleges’ neglect of GPAS.
D. The influence of consumer culture.
27. What was the original purpose of grade forgiveness?
A. To help freshmen
adapt to college learning.
B. To maintain colleges’ graduation rates.
C. To prepare graduates for a challenging future.
D. To increase universities’ income from tuition.
28. According to Paragraph 5,grade forgiveness enable collegesto_________.
A. obtain more financial support
B. boost their student enrollments
C. improve their teaching quality
D. meet local governments’ needs
29. What does the phrase “to be aligned”(Line 5, Para.6) most probablymean?
A. To counterbalance each other.
B. To complement each other.
C. To be identical with each other.
D. To be contradictory to each other.
30. The author examines the practice of grade forgiveness by________.
A. assessing its feasibility
B. analyzing the causes behind it
C. comparing different views on it
D. listing its long-run effects
26-30参考答案及解析：
26.【D】The influence of consumer culture;细节题。根据题干中的关键词grade
inflation可以定位到首段第一句话，此句话的句子主干：“Grade inflation is often considered a product of aconsumer era in higher education.” 题干中的be regarded as对应原文中的is considered，题干中的thecause of(后边接结果)与原文中的a product of(前边接结果)都表示因果关系。选项D中consumer是原文中的复现，其他选项都不具备干扰性，因此答案选择D。
27.【A】To help freshmen adapt to collegelearning;细节题。根据题干中的关键词，我们只能定位到文章的第二段，但是第二段讲的是gradeforgiveness具体是什么，并没有提及它的目的，然后接下看第三段的首句，出现了this little-known practice指的就是gradeforgiveness。而且题干中的the original purpose对应原文中的在第三段第二句话: “When this practice firststarted decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a secondchance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transitionto college-level courses.”选项A中的freshmen是原词复现，help是对应原文中的give them a secondchance，adapt to对应原文中的struggled in their transition to，collegelearning对应原文中的college-level courses。因此答案为A。
28.【A】obtain more financial support;细节题。根据题干中的关键词paragraph
5、gradeforgiveness和colleges可以定位到第五段的第一句，即gradeforgiveness能够满足学生的需求，但是对应选项并没有对应的答案，所以接着往下看，提到了国家基金与他们的成功有关，得到更好地分数意为这拿到更多的钱。选项A中的financialsupport指的就是state funds。因此答案为A。
29.【C】to be identical with each other;猜词题。根据题干，可以定位到第六段最后一句话：“On this,students’ and colleges’ incentives seem to bealigned.”所以解题的关键是找到this指代的内容。This指代的是前一句话，即：因为学生和家长都希望通过大学学历来找工作，所以学校的最佳利益是尽可能地把学生培养成有能力胜任的人，或者至少看起来是那样。由此可以的出学生和学校的目标是一致的，选项C中的beidentical with表示的是与……相同，因此答案为C。
30.【B】analyzing the causes behind it;主旨题。题干的字面意思是作者是通过什么样的方式来检验gradeforgiveness的实践操作，但是是考查文章的主旨，属于主旨题。阅读每段的段落大意句，可以得出文章主要讲解的是gradeforgiveness的原因。因此答案为B。
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